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[blog_title] => Laparoscopic Surgery for Infertility: Boon or Bane
[metaTitle] => Laparoscopic Surgery for Infertility: Boon or Bane
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Laparoscopy can help diagnose a fertility problem. Laparoscopy surgery for infertility is performing tiny incisions in the abdomen and inserting a laparoscope or a fiber-optic tube, having a camera and light, to examine the pelvic cavity and reproductive organs by the surgeon. With laparoscopy, a surgeon not only looks closely over the abdomen organs but also repairs them.
Performed under local anesthetic, a laparoscopic procedure generally takes about 45- 60 minutes. By inflating the abdomen using gas, which is either carbon dioxide or nitrous oxide, to make the abdomen organs visible by having them moved away from the abdominal wall, the surgeon inserts the laparoscope into the tiny incisions. The camera captures the images of the internal organs in the pelvic cavity, and displays them on a video screen.
The laparoscopic surgery is advised for the following possible causes of infertility such as scar tissue, endometriosis, abnormalities in the ovaries and uterus, fibroid tumors, and blocked fallopian tubes. The surgeon performs an operative laparoscopy to correct the problems by removing endometrial tissue, fibroids, or scar tissue using small surgical instruments. Once the tissue is removed using electric current or a laser beam, the surgical incision is closed using clips or stitches.
Is Laparoscopy Surgery for Infertility Recommended?
The argument against performing laparoscopic surgery for infertility in women is still going on, and in most cases, doctors recommend surgery for women who are experiencing pelvic pain. Despite the introduction of in vitro fertilization (IVF), as well as the assisted reproductive technologies’ (ART) improved success rates, the use of laparoscopic surgery as a solution for infertility is still recommended.
When the unexplained infertility is a challenge, even after the successful use of IVF technology, the controversy over the use of laparoscopic diagnostic still majorly rests on women with endometriosis, history of tubal sterilization, ectopic pregnancy, tubal adhesions, and uterine fibroids blocking or distorting the uterine cavity. However, there is risk of pelvic adhesions owing to the use of a hysterosalpingogram HSG to check the patency of the fallopian tubes, and the adhesions can be confirmed only by laparoscopic surgery.
Similarly, laparoscopic surgery, especially laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) could be the most advisable treatment option for women with a common health problem like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). With good ovarian reserve, such patients are generally resistant to clomiphene citrate. When the procedure helps improve the hormonal milieu and induce mono-follicular development, it eliminates the chances of developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and reduces the multiple pregnancy rate.
Diagnostic laparoscopy is essential to diagnose mild endometriosis in women and the laparoscopy excision is commonly performed to treat endometriosis by removing lesions; thus, increasing pregnancy rates. Laparoscopy may be recommended by your doctor for all the above medical issues.
Also, Read: Diagnostic Hysterolaparoscopy
What Are the Risks of Laparoscopy?
Laparoscopy for infertility has risks like any surgery. There are minor and major complications though only 1 or 2 patients out of 100 who undergo laparoscopy for treating infertility experience them. The most common complications are viewed minor ones, and they include:
- Skin irritation or skin rashes around the incision area
- Bladder infection (cystitis)
Severe complications post the laparoscopic surgery are less common ones, and they include:
- Hematomas or seromas (collection of blood under the skin and outside of the blood vessel
- Formation of adhesions
- Nerve damage
- Allergic reaction
- Blood clots
- Urinary retention
Some research studies have proved that using laparoscopy to remove endometrial polyps helps improve fertility, as well as increases the chances of pregnancy, despite the number or size of the polyps. The American Association of Laparoscopic Surgeons (AAGL) in the practice guidelines has recommended surgical removal of a polyp in any infertile patient for there is a greater chance for the natural conception or assisted reproductive technology (ART) to be successful.
Similarly, a review of the studies related to uterine fibroids and fertility revealed that the women with submucosal fibroids have decreased fertility outcomes, and removing the fibroids may help conception. The in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes have shown improvement by 50 percent when dilated fallopian tubes were removed using laparoscopy, and hence, the treatment is highly recommended.
However, several infertility specialists today favor ART and is bypassing diagnostic laparoscopy owing to its requirement of general anesthesia, which they associate with a low yet presumably serious incidence of complications and risks. Despite this, laparoscopy still plays an important role in a small but considerable percentage of infertile women.
In conclusion, the laparoscopy surgery can be considered boon in some cases for its critical role in the treatment of infertility. There are a considerable number of women with infertility and among them those with a PCOS, tubal factor and unexplained infertility are highly benefitted from the surgery. In the cases of IUI/IVF procedures such as salpingectomy, ablation of endometriosis and lysis of adhesions during laparoscopy, the conception chances for women with infertility are found high.
Also, Read: Yoga for a Move from Infertility Towards Pregnancy
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[blog_title] => Laparoscopic Surgery for Infertility: Boon or Bane
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Laparoscopy can help diagnose a fertility problem. Laparoscopy surgery for infertility is performing tiny incisions in the abdomen and inserting a laparoscope or a fiber-optic tube, having a camera and light, to examine the pelvic cavity and reproductive organs by the surgeon. With laparoscopy, a surgeon not only looks closely over the abdomen organs but also repairs them.
Performed under local anesthetic, a laparoscopic procedure generally takes about 45- 60 minutes. By inflating the abdomen using gas, which is either carbon dioxide or nitrous oxide, to make the abdomen organs visible by having them moved away from the abdominal wall, the surgeon inserts the laparoscope into the tiny incisions. The camera captures the images of the internal organs in the pelvic cavity, and displays them on a video screen.
The laparoscopic surgery is advised for the following possible causes of infertility such as scar tissue, endometriosis, abnormalities in the ovaries and uterus, fibroid tumors, and blocked fallopian tubes. The surgeon performs an operative laparoscopy to correct the problems by removing endometrial tissue, fibroids, or scar tissue using small surgical instruments. Once the tissue is removed using electric current or a laser beam, the surgical incision is closed using clips or stitches.
Is Laparoscopy Surgery for Infertility Recommended?
The argument against performing laparoscopic surgery for infertility in women is still going on, and in most cases, doctors recommend surgery for women who are experiencing pelvic pain. Despite the introduction of in vitro fertilization (IVF), as well as the assisted reproductive technologies’ (ART) improved success rates, the use of laparoscopic surgery as a solution for infertility is still recommended.
When the unexplained infertility is a challenge, even after the successful use of IVF technology, the controversy over the use of laparoscopic diagnostic still majorly rests on women with endometriosis, history of tubal sterilization, ectopic pregnancy, tubal adhesions, and uterine fibroids blocking or distorting the uterine cavity. However, there is risk of pelvic adhesions owing to the use of a hysterosalpingogram HSG to check the patency of the fallopian tubes, and the adhesions can be confirmed only by laparoscopic surgery.
Similarly, laparoscopic surgery, especially laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) could be the most advisable treatment option for women with a common health problem like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). With good ovarian reserve, such patients are generally resistant to clomiphene citrate. When the procedure helps improve the hormonal milieu and induce mono-follicular development, it eliminates the chances of developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and reduces the multiple pregnancy rate.
Diagnostic laparoscopy is essential to diagnose mild endometriosis in women and the laparoscopy excision is commonly performed to treat endometriosis by removing lesions; thus, increasing pregnancy rates. Laparoscopy may be recommended by your doctor for all the above medical issues.
Also, Read: Diagnostic Hysterolaparoscopy
What Are the Risks of Laparoscopy?
Laparoscopy for infertility has risks like any surgery. There are minor and major complications though only 1 or 2 patients out of 100 who undergo laparoscopy for treating infertility experience them. The most common complications are viewed minor ones, and they include:
- Skin irritation or skin rashes around the incision area
- Bladder infection (cystitis)
Severe complications post the laparoscopic surgery are less common ones, and they include:
- Hematomas or seromas (collection of blood under the skin and outside of the blood vessel
- Formation of adhesions
- Nerve damage
- Allergic reaction
- Blood clots
- Urinary retention
Some research studies have proved that using laparoscopy to remove endometrial polyps helps improve fertility, as well as increases the chances of pregnancy, despite the number or size of the polyps. The American Association of Laparoscopic Surgeons (AAGL) in the practice guidelines has recommended surgical removal of a polyp in any infertile patient for there is a greater chance for the natural conception or assisted reproductive technology (ART) to be successful.
Similarly, a review of the studies related to uterine fibroids and fertility revealed that the women with submucosal fibroids have decreased fertility outcomes, and removing the fibroids may help conception. The in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes have shown improvement by 50 percent when dilated fallopian tubes were removed using laparoscopy, and hence, the treatment is highly recommended.
However, several infertility specialists today favor ART and is bypassing diagnostic laparoscopy owing to its requirement of general anesthesia, which they associate with a low yet presumably serious incidence of complications and risks. Despite this, laparoscopy still plays an important role in a small but considerable percentage of infertile women.
In conclusion, the laparoscopy surgery can be considered boon in some cases for its critical role in the treatment of infertility. There are a considerable number of women with infertility and among them those with a PCOS, tubal factor and unexplained infertility are highly benefitted from the surgery. In the cases of IUI/IVF procedures such as salpingectomy, ablation of endometriosis and lysis of adhesions during laparoscopy, the conception chances for women with infertility are found high.
Also, Read: Yoga for a Move from Infertility Towards Pregnancy
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Laparoscopy can help diagnose a fe...
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[blog_title] => Types of reproductive surgeries
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The branch of reproductive surgery is a part of reproductive medicine. The doctors usually involved in these surgeries are gynaecologists and urologists. At Apollo Fertility, you will meet the experts who will provide the best treatments for both men and women.
Female Reproductive Surgery
Endometriosis
In this condition, the endometrial tissue from the lining of the uterus grows outside the cavity of one’s uterine. The symptoms of this condition include; painful period pain, vaginal bleeding between the menstrual cycle, and even infertility. It is still not very clear how endometriosis causes infertility. However, a surgery can be performed to reduce or remove the abnormalities.
Laparotomy Microsurgery
In this surgery, a microscope is used. This treatment is mostly used for endometriosis, to remove scar tissue or to reconstruct fallopian tubes. It is an invasive procedure, but extremely beneficial for women suffering from fertility issues.
Laparoscopy
In this surgery, a laparoscope is used to perform the surgery. The doctors will first make an incision to check the pelvic organs. With the help of laparoscopy, the scar tissues can be removed, and the fallopian tubes can be repaired. Laparoscopy is most commonly used to treat endometriosis and infertility.
Mini-laparotomy
During this surgery, the doctor will make an incision in the abdominal wall to make their way to the affected area. And, this procedure is performed through the small incision, near the pubic bone. Hence, the doctors will check the pelvis and rectify the damage.
Diagnostic Hysteroscopy
The diagnostic hysteroscopy is a very important tool because it helps diagnose female infertility. In this treatment, a fibre optic scope is used to view the uterus for any abnormalities in the uterine, such as fibroids, polyps and scarring. Firstly, the doctors will stretch the cervical canal to inspect the internal structure of the uterus and then it is performed on an outpatient basis. The recovery time is usually about 2-3 days.
Falloposcopy
It is a procedure that helps treat female infertility. The doctors will first take a look at the fallopian tubes for any abnormalities, such as blockage, scars, and any other damage to the inner lining of the tube. Using a fibre optic scope, the doctors inspect the tubes. Once the reason for infertility becomes clear, the doctors at Apollo fertility will prescribe the correct treatment.
Male Reproductive Surgery
Vasoepididymostomy
It is a surgical procedure which helps treat epididymal blockages, such as scarring and cysts. These obstructions block the sperm from travelling to the vas deferens. It is known to be a difficult procedure, but the expert doctors at Apollo Fertility lend a skilful hand for a successful procedure.
Varicocelectomy
One of the most common procedures to rectify male infertility is Varicocelectomy. A surgical procedure, it repairs the varicoceles. The extra blood present in the varicoceles helps increase the temperature of the testicles and damage the production of the sperm, leading to low sperm count. In this procedure, the veins are cut to flush out all the excess blood, thus, enhancing fertility.
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The branch of reproductive surgery is a part of reproductive medicine. The doctors usually involved in these surgeries are gynaecologists and urologists. At Apollo Fertility, you will meet the experts who will provide the best treatments for both men and women.
Female Reproductive Surgery
Endometriosis
In this condition, the endometrial tissue from the lining of the uterus grows outside the cavity of one’s uterine. The symptoms of this condition include; painful period pain, vaginal bleeding between the menstrual cycle, and even infertility. It is still not very clear how endometriosis causes infertility. However, a surgery can be performed to reduce or remove the abnormalities.
Laparotomy Microsurgery
In this surgery, a microscope is used. This treatment is mostly used for endometriosis, to remove scar tissue or to reconstruct fallopian tubes. It is an invasive procedure, but extremely beneficial for women suffering from fertility issues.
Laparoscopy
In this surgery, a laparoscope is used to perform the surgery. The doctors will first make an incision to check the pelvic organs. With the help of laparoscopy, the scar tissues can be removed, and the fallopian tubes can be repaired. Laparoscopy is most commonly used to treat endometriosis and infertility.
Mini-laparotomy
During this surgery, the doctor will make an incision in the abdominal wall to make their way to the affected area. And, this procedure is performed through the small incision, near the pubic bone. Hence, the doctors will check the pelvis and rectify the damage.
Diagnostic Hysteroscopy
The diagnostic hysteroscopy is a very important tool because it helps diagnose female infertility. In this treatment, a fibre optic scope is used to view the uterus for any abnormalities in the uterine, such as fibroids, polyps and scarring. Firstly, the doctors will stretch the cervical canal to inspect the internal structure of the uterus and then it is performed on an outpatient basis. The recovery time is usually about 2-3 days.
Falloposcopy
It is a procedure that helps treat female infertility. The doctors will first take a look at the fallopian tubes for any abnormalities, such as blockage, scars, and any other damage to the inner lining of the tube. Using a fibre optic scope, the doctors inspect the tubes. Once the reason for infertility becomes clear, the doctors at Apollo fertility will prescribe the correct treatment.
Male Reproductive Surgery
Vasoepididymostomy
It is a surgical procedure which helps treat epididymal blockages, such as scarring and cysts. These obstructions block the sperm from travelling to the vas deferens. It is known to be a difficult procedure, but the expert doctors at Apollo Fertility lend a skilful hand for a successful procedure.
Varicocelectomy
One of the most common procedures to rectify male infertility is Varicocelectomy. A surgical procedure, it repairs the varicoceles. The extra blood present in the varicoceles helps increase the temperature of the testicles and damage the production of the sperm, leading to low sperm count. In this procedure, the veins are cut to flush out all the excess blood, thus, enhancing fertility.
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The branch of reproductive surgery is a part of re...
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[blog_title] => Surgical sperm retrieval
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The Male Reproductive System
The male testicles are meant to carry out two functions. They are; production of the hormone called testosterone and production of sperm. The average time taken to produce mature sperm is about 2-3 months. However, every day, millions of sperms become mature. The new sperms push them back into the collecting channels, i.e. the rete testis and efferent ducts. Finally, they will reach the epididymis. When the sperm travels down the epididymis, it becomes more mature and develops complete motility before reaching the vas deferens. The Vas deference is like the head office, where all the mature and motile sperm is stored. Its main function is to ejaculate the aged sperm.
Why Surgical Sperm Retrieval a necessity?
Also known as Surgical Sperm Recovery (SSR), it is an extremely beneficial procedure. What happens in some men is that they are unable to ejaculate. This is usually because of obstructions caused by reasons such as vasectomy, scarring, previous surgeries, and even the absence of the vas deferens by birth. But, since the sperm gets collected in the epididymis, it is possible to extract them using a fine needle. Another problem that can occur is the lack of sperm production in the testicles, known as a spermatogenic failure.
There may be the very small amount of sperms present in the semen. However, it can be directly collected from the testicles. However, if the sperm collection is low, then standard IVF is not possible, and one will have to go for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). For a complete consultation and diagnosis, always choose the best. At Apollo fertility, you will come across the most qualified and expert specialists, who will offer the perfect solution.
How does it work?
• For the couples undergoing the Tesa IVF treatment, SSR is performed on the same day as the egg retrieval.
• The patient is given general anesthesia and it is a day-case procedure.
• From midnight until the time till the procedure begins, the patient is not supposed to consume any food or drink any liquids.
• The patient will be discharged from the hospital in about 6 hours.
• To resume the normal physical activities, the patient will have to wait for 4-5 days. And, maybe longer if the doctor says so.
• Also, post-procedure, the patient will have to wear suitable underpants, such as a jock strap to avoid discomfort and protect their scrotum and testicles.
• The doctor will choose the method of sperm recovery depending on the problem of the patient. For instance, it is a blockage, the doctor will use a thin needle to collect the sperm from the epididymis. And, this technique is called PESA or Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration. If PESA fails, the doctor will then opt for a biopsy of the testicular tissue. And, this process is known as TESE or Testicular Sperm Extraction.
• During TESE, the doctor makes a small incision in the scrotum to reach the testes.
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The Male Reproductive System
The male testicles are meant to carry out two functions. They are; production of the hormone called testosterone and production of sperm. The average time taken to produce mature sperm is about 2-3 months. However, every day, millions of sperms become mature. The new sperms push them back into the collecting channels, i.e. the rete testis and efferent ducts. Finally, they will reach the epididymis. When the sperm travels down the epididymis, it becomes more mature and develops complete motility before reaching the vas deferens. The Vas deference is like the head office, where all the mature and motile sperm is stored. Its main function is to ejaculate the aged sperm.
Why Surgical Sperm Retrieval a necessity?
Also known as Surgical Sperm Recovery (SSR), it is an extremely beneficial procedure. What happens in some men is that they are unable to ejaculate. This is usually because of obstructions caused by reasons such as vasectomy, scarring, previous surgeries, and even the absence of the vas deferens by birth. But, since the sperm gets collected in the epididymis, it is possible to extract them using a fine needle. Another problem that can occur is the lack of sperm production in the testicles, known as a spermatogenic failure.
There may be the very small amount of sperms present in the semen. However, it can be directly collected from the testicles. However, if the sperm collection is low, then standard IVF is not possible, and one will have to go for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). For a complete consultation and diagnosis, always choose the best. At Apollo fertility, you will come across the most qualified and expert specialists, who will offer the perfect solution.
How does it work?
• For the couples undergoing the Tesa IVF treatment, SSR is performed on the same day as the egg retrieval.
• The patient is given general anesthesia and it is a day-case procedure.
• From midnight until the time till the procedure begins, the patient is not supposed to consume any food or drink any liquids.
• The patient will be discharged from the hospital in about 6 hours.
• To resume the normal physical activities, the patient will have to wait for 4-5 days. And, maybe longer if the doctor says so.
• Also, post-procedure, the patient will have to wear suitable underpants, such as a jock strap to avoid discomfort and protect their scrotum and testicles.
• The doctor will choose the method of sperm recovery depending on the problem of the patient. For instance, it is a blockage, the doctor will use a thin needle to collect the sperm from the epididymis. And, this technique is called PESA or Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration. If PESA fails, the doctor will then opt for a biopsy of the testicular tissue. And, this process is known as TESE or Testicular Sperm Extraction.
• During TESE, the doctor makes a small incision in the scrotum to reach the testes.
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The Male Reproductive System
...
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[blog_title] => Surgery for ejaculatory duct obstruction
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The ejaculatory duct obstruction is a pathological condition, which leads to low ejaculation with low or zero sperm count. 1 in 5 infertile men suffers from this disorder preventing them from conceiving a baby. Although an uncommon disorder, it can be treated with mild invasion. However, Ejaculatory Duct obstruction is different from the obstruction of the Vas Deferens.
Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction
EDO or Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction is the blockage of both the ducts, decreasing the volume of azoospermia. If the obstruction is partial, then the blockage only occurs in a single duct. This leads to low ejaculation and low sperm count in the semen. In several cases, the patient does not have any history of inflammation and the cause remains unknown.
Diagnosis
EDO can be divided into two categories, i.e. congenital and acquired disorders. Sometimes, EDO can be caused because of stones, cysts in the Mullerian duct or Wolffian duct, surgical or inflammatory scar tissue, calcification, and even congenital absence of the ducts. The basic symptoms of EDO are spotting of blood during ejaculation, pain during ejaculation, and infertility. Risks associated with this disorder include; urinary tract infection, epididymis, perineal injury, and pain in the testicles.
Test for Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction
Transrectal ultrasound is used to test for EDO. However, since dilated seminal vesicles are not the case in all patients, it becomes a little difficult.
• Seminal Vesicle Sperm Aspiration
This method raises the fluid inside the seminal vesicle after tapping it with a thin needle. It is important to perform this method 24 after sexual abstinence. However, this procedure does not point out as to where the blockage is present. But, it does confirm that sperms are being produced.
• TRUS Guided-seminovesiculograpy
Firstly, the dye is injected and an X-ray is performed after that. Here, the x-ray of the pelvis can tell if the person is suffering from EDO or not. The dye provides a visual picture of the blockage.
Surgery for Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction
When one experiences painful intercourse, blood while ejaculating, and infertility, the doctor’s test for EDO. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, it is time for the surgery. It is an outpatient setting which takes about an hour. The patient is first given local anesthesia before starting the procedure. The method used to treat EDO is known as Transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts (TURED). It is a complicated, mildly invasive procedure, which, when completed can lead to natural pregnancy in their female partners. Statistics show that 20% of men suffering from EDO were able to conceive naturally. At Apollo Fertility, we offer expert care. Our qualified medical professionals will not only treat you impeccably, but they will also guide you in the right direction.
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[blog_title] => Surgery for ejaculatory duct obstruction
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The ejaculatory duct obstruction is a pathological condition, which leads to low ejaculation with low or zero sperm count. 1 in 5 infertile men suffers from this disorder preventing them from conceiving a baby. Although an uncommon disorder, it can be treated with mild invasion. However, Ejaculatory Duct obstruction is different from the obstruction of the Vas Deferens.
Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction
EDO or Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction is the blockage of both the ducts, decreasing the volume of azoospermia. If the obstruction is partial, then the blockage only occurs in a single duct. This leads to low ejaculation and low sperm count in the semen. In several cases, the patient does not have any history of inflammation and the cause remains unknown.
Diagnosis
EDO can be divided into two categories, i.e. congenital and acquired disorders. Sometimes, EDO can be caused because of stones, cysts in the Mullerian duct or Wolffian duct, surgical or inflammatory scar tissue, calcification, and even congenital absence of the ducts. The basic symptoms of EDO are spotting of blood during ejaculation, pain during ejaculation, and infertility. Risks associated with this disorder include; urinary tract infection, epididymis, perineal injury, and pain in the testicles.
Test for Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction
Transrectal ultrasound is used to test for EDO. However, since dilated seminal vesicles are not the case in all patients, it becomes a little difficult.
• Seminal Vesicle Sperm Aspiration
This method raises the fluid inside the seminal vesicle after tapping it with a thin needle. It is important to perform this method 24 after sexual abstinence. However, this procedure does not point out as to where the blockage is present. But, it does confirm that sperms are being produced.
• TRUS Guided-seminovesiculograpy
Firstly, the dye is injected and an X-ray is performed after that. Here, the x-ray of the pelvis can tell if the person is suffering from EDO or not. The dye provides a visual picture of the blockage.
Surgery for Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction
When one experiences painful intercourse, blood while ejaculating, and infertility, the doctor’s test for EDO. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, it is time for the surgery. It is an outpatient setting which takes about an hour. The patient is first given local anesthesia before starting the procedure. The method used to treat EDO is known as Transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts (TURED). It is a complicated, mildly invasive procedure, which, when completed can lead to natural pregnancy in their female partners. Statistics show that 20% of men suffering from EDO were able to conceive naturally. At Apollo Fertility, we offer expert care. Our qualified medical professionals will not only treat you impeccably, but they will also guide you in the right direction.
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[blog_title] => What are the types of reproductive surgery?
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Reproductive surgeries are conducted by specialized urologists and gynaecologists. A wide range of operations is included in the reproductive surgery, that are designed for different problems. A majority of operations are done for restoring normal tubes, ovaries, and uterus. There is more prevalence in the use of assisted reproductive technology. Surgeries related to ovaries and fallopian tubes are less commonly performed nowadays. However, there are many problems related to the reproductive system where reproductive surgery is the ultimate solution. The following are the types of surgeries which are performed for treating various problems of the reproductive system of women:
Laparoscopy: For diagnosing and treating endometriosis, laparoscopy can be performed in a single procedure. A tiny incision is made below the navel, by the surgeon. Further, a small telescope with a fibre optic camera attached to it is placed into the abdominal cavity, through the incision. This allows the doctor to visualize any abnormal tissue or scarring. Additional small incisions can be done for introducing instruments if surgery needs to be performed. For achieving fertilization and successful implantation in the uterine cavity, the sperm and egg take the path of the fallopian tubes. One can suffer from the inability to reproduce due to the disorders of the fallopian tubes as the egg and sperm cannot meet in this case. Fallopian tubes can get blocked due to endometriosis, prior pelvic infection or even surgery. The trapping of fluid in the blocked tube leads to hydrosalpinx. For diagnosing and treating these disorders, the surgeon often performs a laparoscopy.
Mini-laparotomy: For reaching the affected areas, the surgeon creates an incision in the abdominal wall. The surgeon then explores the pelvis and performs mini-laparotomy through a small incision which is situated above the pubic bone, to correct the problem.
Laparotomy: In a laparotomy, an incision is made in the lower abdomen. This procedure is performed for treating severe pelvic diseases. After the surgery, the patient requires a recovery period of 4–6 weeks. In this surgery, the surgeon can access all the structures of the pelvis directly, due to the incision which is made in the lower abdomen.
Hysteroscopy: Recurrent miscarriages, severe anaemia, and excessive uterine bleeding are caused by fibroid tumours. These can be removed by outpatient hysteroscopy and laparotomy. In the hysteroscopy procedure, the surgeon removes the adhesions or fibroids inside the uterus by using a narrow fibre optic telescope which is inserted into the uterus through the cervix to locate the fibroids inside.
Tubal Fertility Surgery: Tubal fertility surgery is performed for treating endometriosis and pelvic scarring. This surgery improves the chances of conceiving naturally. Tubal sterilization is reversed in tubal surgery for increasing fertility. In some cases, the tubes which were blocked by infection or endometriosis are opened at the proximal end arising from the cornu or at the distal end next to the hydrosalpinx.
Microsurgery: Microsurgeries of the reproductive system involve reanastomosis, microsurgical tubal reversal, and anastomosis. These techniques can be used to treat infections caused to a tube by corneal damage or after burning, clipping, tying or cutting the tubes.
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Laparoscopy: For diagnosing and treating endometriosis, laparoscopy can be performed in a single procedure. A tiny incision is made below the navel, by the surgeon. Further, a small telescope with a fibre optic camera attached to it is placed into the abdominal cavity, through the incision. This allows the doctor to visualize any abnormal tissue or scarring. Additional small incisions can be done for introducing instruments if surgery needs to be performed. For achieving fertilization and successful implantation in the uterine cavity, the sperm and egg take the path of the fallopian tubes. One can suffer from the inability to reproduce due to the disorders of the fallopian tubes as the egg and sperm cannot meet in this case. Fallopian tubes can get blocked due to endometriosis, prior pelvic infection or even surgery. The trapping of fluid in the blocked tube leads to hydrosalpinx. For diagnosing and treating these disorders, the surgeon often performs a laparoscopy.
Mini-laparotomy: For reaching the affected areas, the surgeon creates an incision in the abdominal wall. The surgeon then explores the pelvis and performs mini-laparotomy through a small incision which is situated above the pubic bone, to correct the problem.
Laparotomy: In a laparotomy, an incision is made in the lower abdomen. This procedure is performed for treating severe pelvic diseases. After the surgery, the patient requires a recovery period of 4–6 weeks. In this surgery, the surgeon can access all the structures of the pelvis directly, due to the incision which is made in the lower abdomen.
Hysteroscopy: Recurrent miscarriages, severe anaemia, and excessive uterine bleeding are caused by fibroid tumours. These can be removed by outpatient hysteroscopy and laparotomy. In the hysteroscopy procedure, the surgeon removes the adhesions or fibroids inside the uterus by using a narrow fibre optic telescope which is inserted into the uterus through the cervix to locate the fibroids inside.
Tubal Fertility Surgery: Tubal fertility surgery is performed for treating endometriosis and pelvic scarring. This surgery improves the chances of conceiving naturally. Tubal sterilization is reversed in tubal surgery for increasing fertility. In some cases, the tubes which were blocked by infection or endometriosis are opened at the proximal end arising from the cornu or at the distal end next to the hydrosalpinx.
Microsurgery: Microsurgeries of the reproductive system involve reanastomosis, microsurgical tubal reversal, and anastomosis. These techniques can be used to treat infections caused to a tube by corneal damage or after burning, clipping, tying or cutting the tubes.
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Reproductive surgeries are conducted ...
