Laparoscopy is a modern surgical procedure often known as minimally invasive surgery, bandage surgery, or keyhole surgery. Compared to other surgeries, laparoscopic surgery has many advantages for the patient, including shorter hospital stays and smaller scars.
What is Laparoscopy?
Laparoscopy is performed to examine the abdomen or a woman's reproductive system. It is performed using a small tube called a laparoscope, which is placed inside the abdominal cavity through a very small incision.
During surgery, a small skin incision is made. The tube has a camera attached. Pictures from the camera are sent to a video monitor enabling the surgeon to see inside the body. The patient won't sustain any serious injuries. When compared to traditional (open) surgery, it results in shorter hospital stays, quicker healing, less pain, and smaller scars.
What is the need for a Laparoscopy?
Identification and diagnosis of the cause of pelvic or abdominal pain frequently include a laparoscopy. It is often used after less invasive methods have failed to aid in diagnosis. Abdominal issues are frequently also detectable using imaging methods like a CT scan, X-rays, ultrasound scans and MRI scans.
Your physician might advise a laparoscopy to check the following organs:
- appendix
- pelvic or reproductive organs
- gallbladder
- stomach
- spleen
- liver
- small intestine and large intestine (colon)
- pancreas
How is Laparoscopy conducted?
The majority of the time, laparoscopy is an outpatient operation. This implies that you may be able to leave the hospital on the same day as your surgery. Both hospitals and outpatient surgical centres may perform it. In most cases of laparoscopy, general anaesthesia is used, indicating that you won't feel any discomfort during the treatment and will likely sleep through it.
- To establish general anaesthesia, an intravenous (IV) line is inserted into one of your veins. Your anesthesiologist can administer specific drugs and hydrate you with fluids via the IV.
- A thin tube called a cannula is inserted into your body through an incision made by the surgeon below your belly button. Carbon dioxide gas is inflated into your abdomen through the cannula, enabling the surgeon to observe your internal organs.
- Your organs may be seen in real-time thanks to the laparoscope's camera, which records images and displays them on a screen.
- The number and amount of incisions are determined by the specific diseases that your surgeon is trying to confirm or rule out. Typically, you receive one to four incisions, each measuring between one and two millimetres. Other instruments may also be put through these incisions.
- The instruments are taken out after the treatment is complete. After that, surgical tape or stitches are used to close up your incisions. The incisions may be covered with bandages.
What are the risks of Laparoscopy?
There is a minimal chance that laparoscopy could harm the organs being viewed. If you puncture an organ, blood and other fluids could seep into your body. You may require more surgery to fix the damage in this situation. Some common symptoms of internal damage include:
- fever or chills
- abdominal pain that refuses to subside over time
- oedema, redness or discolouration, bleeding, or drainage at sites of incision
- continuous nausea or vomiting
- persistent cough
- shortness of breath
- inability to urinate
- lightheadedness
The Bottomline
These techniques typically have positive outcomes. With the use of this equipment, the surgeon can quickly identify and treat several issues. In comparison to open surgery, recovery time is also shortened.
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You can experience mild pain and throb in the places where incisions were made in the days after a laparoscopy. Your doctor might recommend medication to treat the pain. Following your operation, shoulder soreness is also common.
You will probably have pain for a few days following laparoscopic surgery. Within a few days, any discomfort or soreness should go away. You might feel exhausted and nauseous in addition to having a mild fever. This is typical. Within a week or two, you ought to feel better.
The optimum position for sleeping following laparoscopic surgery is on your back. To alleviate pressure on your lower back, place a pillow under your knees. Place a pillow of any size beneath your neck. To reduce strain on the neck and back, stay away from overly large pillows.
Although patients often see laparoscopic surgery as simple, it is a major surgery with the possibility of serious side effects such as visceral injury and haemorrhage, bowel injury, or bladder injury.
The use of laparoscopy can aid in the diagnosis of a wide range of illnesses that manifest inside the abdomen or pelvis. It can also be used to perform surgical procedures, such as the removal of an organ that is damaged or diseased or the removal of a sample of tissue for further investigation (biopsy).
